DOI 10.15507/2076-2577.010.2018.01.094-109
Finno-Ugric Skansen in Russia: cultural potential and tourist resource
Viktoriia M. Umorina,
Postgraduate student, Department of Architecture and Design,
Ogarev Mordovia State University
(Saransk, Russia), mikhailova.victoria1990@yandex.ru
The author puts the problem of the development of skansens (open-air museums) in Finno-Ugric regions of Russia, their suitability to cultural potential of ethnos, exposition representation and tourist attraction. The research subject is typology and development of skansenes, exposition features and opportunity for their association in the single system.
The article examines the system of open-air museums in Murmansk, Leningrad and Archangel regions, in the Republics of Karelia, Komi, Udmurtia, Maria El, in Yamalo-Nenetckii Hanty-Mansiyskii autonomic territories, in Perm district, using the method of functional and space related comparative analysis.
It analyzed the history of skansen creation, their planning and opened exposition features, the presence of cultural and historical monuments, the natural landscape and the museum content. The most famous museums were created by the prominent national specialists (Kizhi, Malye Korely), a small number of museums was founded by the local people, some of them were opened by enthusiasts (Pomorskajya Tonjya Tetrina). Among them there are complexes with a half-century history (Kizhskii pogost, Khokhlovka) and new museums (Pomorskajya Tonjya Tetrina and Gornoknyazevsk). The monuments of the folk architecture can be affected by severe climatic conditions. Despite of the unique museum collections, all of them have economic problems including the shortage of money, inability for self-sustainable work, throwback infrastructure, etc. Nowadays Finno-Ugric skansenes have not formed the integral museum system yet.
The development of scansens is conducted in three directions: an extensive basis, under the impact of tourism demand and within the promotion of the region’s brand. The rating of the region’s tourist attraction does not always coincide with the scientific level of museum expositions. It is necessary to develop skansens in all Finno-Ugric regions of Russia and in the long term to unite them into a single museum and tourist system.
Key words: skansen; ethnicity exposition; a monument of wooden architecture; ethnic toutism.
For citation: Umorina VM. Finno-Ugric Skansen in Russia: cultural potential and tourist resource. Finno-ugorskii mir = Finno-Ugric World. 2018; 10: 1: 94–109. (In Russian)
