Murav’ev Nikita A.,
Junior Research Fellow, Institute of Linguistics,
Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow, Russia), nikita.muraviev@gmail.com
Introduction. The work considers the problem of the functioning and interpretation of taxis forms with semantics of simultaneity in the languages of the Finno-Ugric group. The existing description of these forms mostly refers to the formal side of the issue, while the semantics and pragmatics that underlie their competition have not received sufficient coverage so far. The purpose of the article is to provide a semantically and pragmatically oriented description of forms and refinement of existing typological classifications. The subject of the study is the converb forms in three languages: Moksh, Komi-Zyrian and Khanty. The results of the research can be used for the textbooks on grammatical semantics, as well as in the field studies.
Materials and Methods. The analysis of the forms was carried out on the basis of the data obtained in the survey of the speakers reside in the villages of Lesnoye Tsibaevo and Lesnoe Ardashevo of the Republic of Mordovia (2013–2015); Muzhi, Vosyakhovo, and Ovgort of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District (2016, 2017).
Results and Discussion. The paper makes a brief semantic description of the forms, and then it examines sequentially their use according to three typologically relevant parameters: the view of the situations, the pragmatic inclusion of situations and the pragmatic status of the dependent situation. Based on the distribution of forms for these parameters, it distinguishes three types of simultaneity: vague standard simultaneity forms, strict standard simultaneity forms and accompanying circumstance forms.
Conclusion. The discussed converb forms with the semantics of simultaneity show that the extracted parameters (viewpoint of the events, pragmatical inclusion of the events and pragmatical role of the dependent event) provide a clearer picture of the functioning and distribution of such forms in the Finno-Ugric languages and typology.
Key words: converb forms; taxis; simultaneity; semantics; pragmatics; Komi-Zyrian language; Moksha language; Khanty language.
For citation: Murav’ev NA. Semantika i pragmatika glagol’nykh form odnovremennosti v mokshanskikh, komi-zyrianskikh i khantyiskikh idiomakh [Semantics and pragmatics of verbal forms expressing simultaneity in the Moksha Mordovian, Komi-Zyrian and Khanty idioms]. Finno-ugorskii mir = Finno-Ugric World. 2017; 2: 52–62. (In Russian)
1. Biriuk OL, Kashkin EV, Kuznetsova AI, Usacheva MN. Slovar’ muzhevskogo govora izhemskogo dialekta komi-zyrianskogo iazyka [Izhma Komi dictionary of Muzhi village]. Ekaterinburg; 2010. (In Russian)
2. Val’gamova SI, Koshkareva NB, Onina SV, Shiianova AA. Dialektologicheskii slovar’ khantyiskogo iazyka (shuryshkarskii i priural’skii dialekty) [Khanty dialect dictionary (Shuryshkary and Priural dialects)]. Ekaterinburg; 2011. (In Russian)
3. Grammatika mordovskikh (mokshanskogo i erzianskogo) iazykov. Ch. 1: Fonetika i morfologiia [Grammar of Mordovian (Moksha and Erzya) languages. Part 1: Phonetics and morphology]. Saransk; 1962. (In Russian)
4. Grammatika mordovskikh iazykov. Fonetika. Grafika. Orfografiia. Morfologiia: ucheb. dlia nats. otdelenii vuzov [Grammar of Mordovian languages. Phonetics. Graphics. Spelling. Morphology: Textbook. for National Departments of Higher Education Institutions]. Saransk; 1980. (In Russian)
5. Kozhemiakina AD. Konstruktsii s sententsial’nymi aktantami v mokshanskom iazyke [Complement constructions in Moksha Mordovia language]. Acta Linguistica Petropolitana. 2016; 12; 1: 501–521. (In Russian)
6. Nekrasova OI. Deeprichastnye konstruktsii v komi iazyke: dis. … kand. filol. nauk [Converb constructions in Komi. Dis. … cand. philol. sci.]. Izhevsk; 2015. (In Russian)
7. Nikolaeva IA. Obdorskii dialekt khantyiskogo iazyka [Obdor dialect of Khanty]. Moskva; Gamburg; 1995. (In Russian)
8. Pazel’skaia AG, Shluinskii AB. Obstoiatel’stvennye predlozheniia [Adverbial constructions]. Misharskii dialekt tatarskogo iazyka. Ocherki po sintaksisu i semantike = Mishar dialect of the Tatar language. Essays on the syntax and semantics. Kazan’; 2007: 38–82. (In Russian)
9. Sakharova MA, Sel’kov NN. Izhemskii dialekt komi iazyka [Izhma dialect of Komi]. Syktyvkar; 1976. (In Russian)
10. Serebriannikov BA. Istoricheskaia morfologiia mordovskikh iazykov [Historical morphology of Mordvin languages]. Moskva; 1967. (In Russian)
11. Sichinava DV. Tipologiia pliuskvamperfekta. Slavianskii pliuskvamperfekt [Typology of the pluperfect. Slavonic pluperfect]. Moskva; 2013. (In Russian)
12. Sovremennyi komi iazyk. Ch. 1: Fonetika. Leksika. Morfologiia [Modern Komi language. Part 1: Phonetics. Vocabulary. Morphology]. Syktyvkar; 1955. (In Russian)
13. Stoinova NM. Refaktiv i smezhnye glagol’nye znacheniia [Refactive and adjacent verbal meanings]. Acta linguistica Petropolitana. 2012; 8; 2; 6: 867–949. (In Russian)
14. Tipologiia taksisnykh konstruktsii [Typology of taxis constructions]. Moskva; 2009. (In Russian)
15. Cheremisina MI, Solovar VN. Zalogovost’, perekhodnost’, priamoi ob”ekt v iazykakh raznykh sistem [Voice, transitivity, direct object in different language systems]. Iazyki narodov Sibiri. Grammaticheskie issledovaniia = Languages of the peoples of Siberia. Grammatical research. Novosibirsk; 1991: 66–84. (In Russian)
16. Shluinskii AB. Tipologiia predikatnoi mnozhestvennosti: kolichestvennye aspektual’nye znacheniia: dis. … kand. filol. nauk [Typology of pluractionality: pluractional aspectual meanings]. Dis. … cand. philol. sci.]. Moskva; 2005. (In Russian)
17. Iakobson RO. Shiftery, glagol’nye kategorii i russkii glagol [Shifters, verbal categories and the Russian verb]. Printsipy tipologicheskogo analiza iazykov raznykh stran = Principles of typological analysis of languages of different countries. Moskva; 1972: 75–113. (In Russian)
18. Givón T. Syntax: An introduction. Amsterdam; 2001; 1. (In English)
19. Givón T. Syntax: An introduction. Amsterdam; 2001; 2. (In English)
20. Haspelmath M, König E (eds.). Converbs in Cross-Linguistic Perspective. Berlin; 1995. (In English)
21. Lehmann T. A grammar of modern Tamil. Pondicherry Institute of Linguistics and Culture; 1989. (In English)
22. Maslova E. A Grammar of Kolyma Yukaghir. Berlin; New York; 2003. (In English)
23. Nedjalkov I. P. Converbs in the languages of Europe. Adverbial Constructions in the Languages of Europe. Empirical approaches to language typology 20-3. Berlin; 1998: 421–455. (In English)
24. Onishi M. A Grammar of Motuna (Bougainville, Papua New Guinea). Australian National University; 1994. (In English)
25. Ylikoski J. Converbs in Finnish and Komi: differences and similarities. Congressus Nonus Internationalis Fenno-Ugristarum. Tartu; 2001; 6: 420–424. (In English)
