Finno-Ugric World

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Original article
DOI: 10.15507/2076-2577.013.2021.03.224-232

Valentina P. Grishunina
Natalia I. Yershova
National Research Mordovia State University,
Saransk, Russia

Lyubov P. Vodyasova
Mordovian State Pedagogical University,
Saransk, Russia

Natalia V. Kondratieva
Udmurt State University,
Izhevsk, Russia

Beatrix Oszkó
Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics,
Budapest, Hungary
University of Novi Sad,
Novi Sad, Serbia

Introduction. The article deals with artistic bilingualism which is interpreted as the creative use of two languages in creating works of literature based on precise understanding of the specific features of semantic and pragmatic potential of these languages. The purpose of the article is to identify the features of artistic bilingualism in the work of the modern Udmurt poet B. Anfinogenov.
Materials and Methods. The main source of research is the collection of B. Anfinogenov’s poetry “Aishet of the future”. The methodological framework includes linguistic analysis of poetic texts, synthesis and generalization of the achievements in literary studies, structural analysis, etc. The research is based on the use of the descriptive method as well as the method of full coverage and methods of contextual and situational-contextual analysis.
Results and Discussion. Based on the analysis of the poetry of the young Udmurt author Bogdan Anfinogenov, it was revealed that one of the techniques inherent in the bilingual communication strategy is the use of code switching, which performs various functions. In addition to the traditional thematic function, emotional, decorative, recipient, factual and emphatic functions of code switching, artistic bilingualism in the work of this author draws the reader’s attention to the Udmurt language and culture. Also, the Udmurt poet deliberately emphasizes changes in the social environment and orientation towards Western culture. In other words, the use of code switching introduces additional semantic nuances into the literary text, a certain system of values, a certain type of modal-emotional meanings.
Conclusion. The main constituent elements of code switching are language units representing all language levels: phonetic, morphological, syntactic. Special attention is paid to the phenomenon of code switching, represented at the level of the graphic system of the Udmurt language.

Keywords: Udmurt literature, artistic bilingualism, code switching, B. Anfinogenov, language game

Acknowledgments: The work was supported by RFBR grant № 21-512-23007 RJAIK_a.

For citation: Kondratieva NV, Oszkó B. Features of artistic bilingualism in modern Udmurt literature (based on the poetry by B. Anfinogenov). Finno-ugorskii mir = Finno-Ugric World. 2021;13;3:243–253. (In Russ.).
DOI: 10.15507/2076-2577.013.2021.03.243-253.

Information about the authors
N. V. Kondratieva – Doctor of Philology, Professor, Department of General and Finno-Ugric Linguistics, Udmurt State University, nataljakondratjeva@yandex.ru, https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-3632-503X
B. Oszkó – Doctor of Philosophy (Ph. D.), Research Fellow, Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics; Associate Professor, Department of Hungarian Language and Literature, University of Novi Sad, oszko.beatrix@nytud.hu, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0169-4505

Dmitry V. Tsygankin
Nina A. Agafonova
Ivan N. Ryabov
National Research Mordovia State University,
Saransk, Russia

Introduction. The modern differentiation of the Erzya dialects in the Volga region and the Southern Urals is the result of a long historical development. The migration of the Mordovians from their former places of residence contributed to their formation. The fact that in these regions the Erzya lived isolated from the rest of the Mordovians and contacted directly with peoples having different patterns of language contributed to preserving archaic phenomena of the base language and appearing innovative components in the structure of the dialects under study. The purpose of the work is to identify and describe archaic phenomena and innovations in the case paradigms of the study area.
Materials and Methods. The article is based on the field materials collected by the authors during linguistic expeditions in the places of concentration of the Erzya in the territory of the Volga region and the Southern Urals. The dialectal material was collected based on the questionnaire, reflecting the lexical, phonetic and morphological variations of linguistic phenomena. The descriptive and comparative historical methods were used to analyze language material.
Results and Discussion. The study of the linguistic material of the Volga region and the Southern Urals showed the differences in the case paradigms of the noun from the corresponding paradigms of the Erzya codified languages and other Mordovian dialects. In analysis showed that in the paradigms of the definite declension singular, there are different sets of cases and there is no single structure of word forms. Some paradigms are archaic, consistent, and logical. In the composition of others, new formations have developed, homonymous case suffixes and postpositional constructions have appeared.
Conclusion. The main dialect types of the Erzya languages were developed before the migration processes to the eastern territories of the modern residence of the Erzya. The isolated development of the dialects of the Volga region and the Southern Urals made it possible both to preserve archaic phenomena in the paradigms of the definite declension and to develop new formations uncharacteristic for them.

Keywords: the Erzya language, codified language, morpheme of certainty, dialect, case paradigm, archaic and innovative phenomena

Acknowledgments: The study was carried out with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research within the framework of scientific project No. 19-012-00323.

For citation: Tsygankin DV, Agafonova NA, Ryabov IN. Archaic and innovative phenomena in the case paradigms of the Erzya dialects in the Volga region and the Southern Urals. Finno-ugorskii mir = Finno-Ugric World. 2021;13;3:254–264. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.15507/2076-2577.013.2021.03.254-264.

Information about the authors
D. V. Tsygankin – Doctor of Philology, Professor, Department of the Mordovian Languages, National Research Mordovia State University, kaferz@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4806-2732
N. A. Agafonova – Candidate Sc. {Philology}, Associate Professor, Department of the Mordovian Languages, National Research Mordovia State University, ohanina@rambler.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8751-2751
I. N. Ryabov – Candidate Sc. {Philology}, Head of Department of the Mordovian Languages, National Research Mordovia State University, ryabov.74@bk.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6760-4376

Alexey L. Bannikov
Institute for Educational Development of the Republic of Bashkortostan,
Ufa, Russia

Aleksandra A. Pesetskaya
Russian Museum of Ethnography,
Saint-Petersburg, Russia

Tatyana A. Shigurova
National Research Mordovia State University,
Saransk, Russia

Introduction. The semantics of the fabric of the traditional costume is one of the underdeveloped topics in modern humanitarian studies. Meanwhile, the fabric can be interpreted as a chronicle of the history of culture. Being a man-made and material on which embroidery arose and developed, it was used in the customs and rituals of many peoples, including the Mordovians. The article deals with the semantics of the fabric of traditional Mordovian clothing, decorated with embroidery.
Materials and Methods. The work investigates the museum collections of the Republic of Mordovia, the data from written sources of the Russian Geographical Society, archaeological research of Mordovian artefacts. The methodological basis is the comparative-historical, structural-semiotic and phenomenological approaches to the material.
Results and Discussion. The analysis of the semantics of the fabric, decorated with the embroidery, and the conditions in which it was formed, makes it possible to reveal the intention of the master, the creator of the ethnoculture. It defined the various utilitarian, magical functions performed by canvas (hemp) and linen fabrics of traditional Mordovian clothing in the culture of the people, the economic, moral meanings of the fabric used in oral folk art. The Mordovians had woolen fabric as the most important material that replaced leather and fur in the manufacture of clothing and changed the appearance of the person wearing the costume. Its importance was recorded in many concepts of the Mordovian language, in folk ideas about wool as a source of magical properties.
Conclusion. The semantics of the fabric of a traditional Mordovian costume reflects a person’s ideas about harsh natural conditions, the real world and the need to master it through creative activity in accordance with the laws of the traditional worldview. Fabric is also capable of transferring updated and relevant symbolic information about diligence, accuracy, moral qualities of a person, which could also be a means of regulating norms of behavior in society.

Keywords: Mordovian people, ethnic culture, creative activity, tradition, values of ethnoculture, traditional costume, material, fabric semantics, embroidery

For citation: Shigurova TA. Fabric semantics as a basis of Mordovian embroidery. Finno-ugorskii mir = Finno-Ugric World. 2021;13;3:308–320. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.15507/2076-2577.013.2021.03.308-320.

Information about the author
Т. А. Shigurova – Doctor of Cultural Studies, Professor, Department of Cultural Studies and Library and Information Resources, National Research Mordovia State University,
shigurova_tatyana@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5342-8471

Elvira M. Kolcheva
Kazan State Institute of Culture,
Kazan, Russia

Introduction. The article is the first in a series of publications dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the Mari autonomy and the fact of the emergence of professional visual arts among the Mari people. The author regards it as a systemic element of national-ethnic culture, which performed the function of ethno-cultural reflection by artistic means throughout the entire century, in which four major stages and corresponding stylistic forms can be traced. The article describes the initial stage of the Mari fine arts of the 1920s – 1930s.
Materials and Methods. The main material was the collection of art and ethnographic works of the 1920s–1930 found in the funds of the National Museum of the Republic of Mari El. The author used various methods: historical research, art history analysis of works of art, as well as the author’s own method of structural and archetypal analysis.
Results and Discussion. The first art institutions appeared in the mountainous Mari region at the turn of the 1910–1920 thanks to the artist A.V. Grigoriev, who together with his associates later founded the Association of Artists of Revolutionary Russia in Moscow. The systematic institutionalization of the Mari fine arts began in the second half of the 1920, which was facilitated by the activities of the Mari Regional Society of Local History and the Central Mari Museum in the town of Krasnokokshaisk. The founders of the Mari fine arts were the invited artists from Kazan, namely P. A. Radimov, G. A. Medvedev, V. K. Timofeev, M. M. Vasilyeva, the first Mari artists K. F. Egorov and E. D. Atlashkina, and P. G. Gorbuntsov. With the beginning of the “Great Terror” period, the first stage of the Mari art was interrupted, and socialist realism replaced ethnographic realism.
Conclusion. The development of the fine art of the Mari at the initial stage was stimulated by the Mari Regional Society of Local History and the Central Mari Museum represented by V. A. Mukhin (Savi), V. M. Vasiliev, T. E. Evseev. Their educational interests, combined with the documentary-oriented program of the Association of Artists of Revolutionary Russia, contributed to the formation of such a stylistic form as ethnographic realism, which became the first artistic form of ethnocultural reflection by the means of fine arts.

Keywords: Mari fine art of the 1920s-1930s, ethnographic realism, T. Evseev National Museum of the Republic of Mari El

For citation: Kolcheva EM. 100 years of the Mari fine arts: ethnographic realism (1920–1930). Finno-ugorskii mir = Finno-Ugric World. 2021;13;3:293–307. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.15507/2076-2577.013.2021.03.293-307.

Anna K. Gagieva
Komi Republican Academy of Public Administration and Management,
Syktyvkar, Russia

Introduction. The work studies the system of county administration on the territory of the Komi Region at the end of the XVII – first half of the XVIII century. This period was characterized by significant transformations based on changing the system of public administration from voivodeship- clerical into collegiate. It was actively implemented in the highest and central authorities, not only changing the document management system, but also forming a new state apparatus. The situation was different in the county voivodeship offices, such as, the voivodeship office in Komi Region.
Materials and Methods. The main research methods were system-structural, historical, formal-legal, etc., which became basic in the analysis of published and unpublished documents.
Results and Discussion. As shown by the study of published and unpublished documents on the territory of the Komi Region (Yarensky uyezd), populated with black-collar and later state peasantry, there was no transition from the voivodeship – clerical to the collegiate system of management and office management at the time under study. The collegiate model of public administration, formulated in the new administrative legislation, could not displace the Voivodeship model. The clerical system evolved according to its own laws and demonstrated viability, and the collegiate system was forced to adapt to the requirements of the reforming tsar. This was especially evident when the county office carried out the document management.
Conclusion. Carrying out the reforms of the beginning of the XVIII century, the authorities on the county level could not organize the transformation of the clerical service and management and was not ready for changes. As a result, the clerical office work was maintained along with the collegiate one. Collegiate office work was actively introduced and developed in the central office. On the ground, for example, the Yarensky uyezd, clerical office work continued to be preserved, and collegiate one became dominant only by the middle of the XVIII century.

Keywords: administration, voivodeship office, Yarensky uyezd, clerk, collegiate office work, writ office work

For citation: Gagieva AK. The system of county administration in the Komi Region at the end of the XVII – first half of the XVIII century. Finno-ugorskii mir = Finno-Ugric World. 2021;13;3:272–279. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.15507/2076-2577.013.2021.03.272-279.

Information about the author
A. K. Gagieva – Doctor of History, Professor, Department of State and Municipal Administration, Komi Republican Academy of Public Administration and Management, gngkol2@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6095-5082

Fedosia M. Lelkhova
Ob-Ugric Institute of Applied Research and Development,
Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia

Introduction. The article considers the identification of the ways of plant nomination in the dialects of the Khanty language. The aim of the research is to classify the principles of flora nomination in the Khanty language, taking into account dialectal features. The object is the vocabulary of the plant world, which provides rich material in synchronic and diachronic aspects, since it belongs to the most archaic layers of vocabulary. The relevance of the work is due to the fact that until now the principles of plant nomination in this language have not been studied.
Materials and Methods. The material for the article was the floristic vocabulary of the Khanty dialects. The linguistic material was collected during the field work and direct communication with the speakers of the dialects. The work employs a complex of research methods such as: descriptive, including the identification and classification of material, the method of component analysis, as well as individual elements of etymological analysis.
Results and Discussion. As a result of the analysis, it identifies various and numerous principles of plant nomination in the Khanty language and its dialects, such as “consumption of plants by animals and birds as food”, “place of growth”, “color”, “function”, “edibility for humans”, etc.
Conclusions. The process of naming plants is based on certain characteristics that reflect both the characteristics of the plants themselves and the specifics of the culture of the people. In the Khanty language, the most representative motivational features for the nomination of plants are the correlation with objects of the animal world, place of growth, color, specificity of economic use.

Keywords: dialect, vocabulary, language, Khanty, Finno-Ugric, method of nomination, phytonymy, motivation

Acknowledgments: The author thanks the Pohjoishantin Šuryškarin kirjakielen kieliopin ja muiden apuneuvojen laatiminen project, and Koneen Säätiö foundation for the help in orginizing the expeditions to the northern Khanty for collecting the lexical material on the topic.

For citation: Lelkhova FM. Principles of plant nomination in the Khanty language. Finno-ugorskii mir = Finno-Ugric World. 2021;13;2:116–123. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.15507/2076-2577.013.2021.02.116-123.