Finno-Ugric World

Do we need bilingualism?

Aleksandr N. Zlobin,
Candidate Sc. {Philology}, Associate Professor,
Department of Theory of Speech and Translation,
National Research Mordovia State University
(Saransk, Russia), aleksandr_z@list.ru

General Purkayev: life and work

Vladimir K. Abramov,
Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor
(Saransk, Russia), abramovvk@mail.ru

Topography of Saransk: historical and cultural projection. Retrospective and modernity

Vladimir I. Rogachev,
Doctor of Philology, Professor,
Department of Literature and Methods of Teaching Literature,
M. E. Evsevev Mordovia State Pedagogical Institute
(Saransk, Russia), rogachev-v@bk.ru

DOI: 10.15507/2076-2577.011.2019.04.466-474

Technical and technological features of the pottery in Mordovia

DOI: 10.15507/2076-2577.011.2019.04.451-465

The Mari wedding robes as a group’s identity marker (based on the materials of the Russian Museum of Ethnography)

DOI: 10.15507/2076-2577.011.2019.04.437-450

Socio-cultural factors forming marriage motivations of young people (on the example of Saransk)

Elena N. Kasarkina,
Candidate Sc. {Sociology}, Associated professor,
Departments of social work,
National Research Mordovia State University,
(Saransk, Russia), eienovik@mail.ru

Alyona A. Antipova,
Candidate Sc. {Sociology}, Associated professor,
Departments of social work,
National Research Mordovia State University,
(Saransk, Russia), aljona.ntpv@mail.ru

Introduction. The study of marriage intentions in the attitudes of young people summarizes the experience of the past and create a prototype of the future of the family. The style of prenuptial behavior of young people is not isolated, but largely determines the state of the demographic structure of the whole society. The research novelty of the research is that the conceptual empirical analysis of the trends in the culture of family and marriage attitudes of young people and the prospects of its increase in the crisis of family values.
Materials and Methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is represented by a set of concepts and theoretical approaches in accordance with the subject and the problem of the study, which required an appeal to the methodological tools of family sociology, psychology, pedagogy, cultural studies, sociology of youth, demography. When writing the work, general reasearch methods of analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization, interpretation, system method, secondary analysis of empirical data were used. The author’s empirical research was conducted by the method of questioning. A questionnaire survey of Saransk youth was conducted (300 people).
Results and Discussion. The research has proved the contradiction of the simultaneous influence on the motives and attitudes of premarital behavior of young people of traditional and modern sociocultural norms, attitudes, relationships and relationships is empirically substantiated.
Conclusion. Today young people face a choice of traditional foundations of the family and more radical orientations in the marital and family sphere. As a result, the relations between young adults in the system of premarital behavior are carried out in a difficult situation, which affects marital and family motivation, premarital attitudes and raises the age of marriage. Young people do not have rules of premarital relations enshrined, sanctioned by society and parents. Being the bearer of the innovative potential for the development of society, they have special opportunities for the implementation of their attitudes and needs in the field of premarital behavior.

Key words: social and cultural factors; marriage motivation; youth; Mordovia.

For citation: Kasarkina EN, Antipova AA. Socio-cultural factors forming marriage motivations of young people (on the example of Saransk). Finno-ugorskii mir = Finno-Ugric World. 2019; 11; 4: 437–450. (In Russian)

DOI: 10.15507/2076-2577.011.2019.04.414-436

Historical memory in Finno-Ugric families of Mordpvians and Udmurts (experience in analyzing of family histories)

Tatiana M. Dadaeva,
Doctor of Sociology, Professor, Department of Sociology,
National Research Mordovia State University
(Saransk, Russia), dadaeva13@mail.ru

Vladislav N. Motkin,
Candidate Sc. {Sociology}, Leading Research Fellow,
Sociopark «NTSSEM»
(Saransk, Russia), vlad.motkin@mail.ru

Introduction. Historical memory determines a person’s attitude towards the country, towards their people, ethnic group, and other groups with which they identify themselves with. The formation of historical memory involves not only the state, which is interested in fostering a sense of patriotism and citizenship in the young generation, but also such social institutions as the family, school, University, media, etc. Family attaches the individual to the social experience of the past, as it lays the foundation of the individual forms of self-awareness, love for the homeland, and its past. Family memory is part of historical memory, because there is no family history outside the history of the country.
Materials and methods. The article presents an analysis of sociological qualitative research of semi-structured interviews in order to identify the role of the family in the process of forming the historical memory of young people in the Finno-Ugric families of Mordovians and Udmurts. 28 interviews were conducted (14 Mordovian and 14 Udmurt families were interviewed). The research included the study of the main mechanisms, factors and features of the formation of historical memory in the Finno-Ugric families of Mordovians and Udmurts.
Research and Discussion. It was revealed that the main mechanisms for transmitting family memory to the younger generation are family stories, observance of a certain family, ethnic traditions, commemorative practices, etc. The central event of historical memory in the families of Mordovians and Udmurts is the Great Patriotic war, which affected every family. Most of the informants participate in the action «Immortal regiment». The interest in the history of the family, the family name is higher than interest in the homeland, the history of their ethnic group. In Udmurt families, there was a better awareness of ethnic traditions and holidays than in Mordovian ones. The most visited places of memory are churches, cemeteries, and the Eternal fire memorial.
Conclusion. The family aspect of historical memory is given more attention in the Finno-Ugric families of Mordovia and Udmurts than the regional (ethnic) or Federal one. Most respondents believe that family and school play a crucial role in shaping the historical memory of the younger generation.

Key words: historical memory; Finno-Ugric families; Mordva; Udmurts; family memory; family stories; memory nodes; places of memory.

Acknowledgments: The research was carried out with the financial support of Russian Foundation of Basic Research, project No. 18-411-130004 р_а “The role of historical memory in the construction of the general civic identity of the youth: regional aspect”.

For citation: Dadaeva TM, Motkin VN. Historical memory in Finno-Ugric families of Mordpvians and Udmurts (experience in analyzing of family histories). Finno-ugorskii mir = Finno-Ugric World. 2019; 11; 4: 414–436. (In Russian)

DOI: 10.15507/2076-2577.011.2019.04.403-413

Metaphorical and metonymic conceptualization in body part idioms in English and Hungarian

Tatiana A. Soldatkina,
Candidate Sc. (Philology), Associate Professor,
Department of Cross-Linguistic Communication,
Mari State University
(Yoshkar-Ola, Russia), fia.solta@gmail.com

Introduction. In modern linguistics, the study of metaphorical and metonymic conceptualization in the phraseology of different structural languages is relevant. The main purpose of the article is to study the similarities and differences in metonymic and metaphorical conceptualization, through body part idioms in English and Hungarian. The conceptual mechanisms of somatic phraseological units in the English language and their Hungarian equivalents were studied.
Materials and Methods. The article is based on Corpus of the English body part phraseological units from the Соllins Соbuild Dictionary of Idioms, Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology. 605 idioms were singled out by continuous sampling. The most adequate translation equivalents of the English metaphorical linguistic expressions are taken from Anglo-Hungarian idiom dictionaries and from Brief General Dictionaries. The descriptive method and elements of the comparative-historical method were used in the work.
Results and Discussion. By analyzing phraseological units of body parts and their Hungarian equivalents, the author divided them into thematic groups according to the body part criteria, namely English body part idioms with such components as ‘body’, ‘bone’, ‘flesh’, ‘muscles’, ‘chest’, ‘eyebrows’, ‘ear’, ‘nose’, ‘mouth’, ‘throat’, ‘neck’, ‘knee’, ‘toe’, and their Hungarian equivalents represented by various metaphorical and metonymic models.
Conclusion. The research showed significant similarity between the English and the Hungarian languages. The languages are characterized by similar conceptual metaphors, metonymies and a variety of traditional/cultural background. The analysis of body part idioms has revealed similarities at the generic level, whereas differences tend to exist at the specific level. Different ways of conceptualization can be expressed in several ways in English and Hungarian. Linguistic differences may relate to literary meanings of expressions, the choice of specific conceptual mechanisms, and the expression of the same or different conceptual metaphors and metonymies.

Keywords: conceptualization; metaphorical model; metonymic model; body part idioms.

For citation: Soldatkina TA. Metaphorical and metonymic conceptualization in body part idioms in English and Hungarian. Finno-ugorskii mir = Finno-Ugric World. 2019; 11; 4: 403–413. (In Russian)

DOI: 10.15507/2076-2577.011.2019.04.391-402

Dynamic processes in the phonetic system of present-day dialects of Udmurt (on the material of central dialects)

Natalia V. Kondratieva,
Doctor of Philology, Director of Institute of Udmurt Philology,
Finno-Ugric Studies and Journalism,
Udmurt State University
(Izhevsk, Russia), nataljakondratjeva@yandex.ru

Olga L. Sokolova,
Post-graduate student Institute of Udmurt Philology,
Finno-Ugric Studies and Journalism,
Udmurt State University
(Izhevsk, Russia), olisokolova97@gmail.com

Introduction. The article deals with the dynamic processes in the phonetic system of Bol’shoi Zhuzhges dialect of Udmurt in its present state.
Materials and methods. The main source of the research is the audio materials recorded by the authors of the paper in the villages Bol’shoi Zhuzhges, Malyi Zhuzhges and  Kosoevo of Uva district of the Udmurt Republic from 52 informants in five age groups: 10–18 , 18–30, 30–50, 50–70 and over 70 year old. The article employs a complex of methods is used to conduct the research: data collecting “field work” (conversation, direct questions, questionnaires, interviews, observation of speech activities, target selection); the descriptive method (observation, data comparing, generalization as well as interpretation and classification of the materials); с) comparative-historical and qualitative-statistic.
Research and Discussion. The analysis of the field materials reveals that the shift in the use of dialects in the speech of people of different age groups primarily includes the following linguistic phenomena: the use of affricates, adding non-etymological sounds in the end of words, vowel correspondence, assimilation of sounds in word stems and affixes.
Conclusion. The linguistic processes occurring in the Bol’shoi Zhuzhges develop slowly, which creates a situation when different language variants are revealed in the speech of different age groups within the same dialect. Dynamic processes in the phonetic system of the dialect are determined by intra- and extralinguistic factors.

Key words: the Udmurt language; central dialects; Bol’shoi Zhuzhges dialect; phonetic system; vowels; consonants.

For citation: Kondratieva NV, Sokolova OL. Dynamic processes in the phonetic system of present-day dialects of Udmurt (on the material of central dialects). Finno-ugorskii mir = Finno-Ugric World. 2019; 11; 4: 391–402. (In Russian)

DOI: 10.15507/2076-2577.011.2019.04.374-390

Leading components of ethnic mentality in Mari verbal charms

Natalia N. Glukhova,
Doctor of Philology, Professor,
Department of Finno-Ugric and Comparative Philology,
Mari State University
(Yoshkar-Ola, Russia), gluhnatalia@mail.ru

Introduction. The relevance of the article is determined by the need for a systematic description of the national-cultural characteristics of individual peoples (in particular, Mari) and fixing the composition of the identified ethno-differentiating components of mentality, which demonstrate the identity of ethnic cultures. The article presents new data on the systemic nature of the Mari mentality, which core is a subsystem of images, symbols and values, summarizing the results of the mental functions of perception and thinking, reflected in folklore texts and are actively used in the daily life of Mari society.
Materials and Methods. 600 conspiracy-spell texts, extracted from various sources, are considered in the framework of system theory using a combination of linguistic, traditional folkloristic approaches and quantitative methods. The algorithm for studying ethnic mentality, shown in the article, makes it possible to use the theoretical basis and methodological base in the study of the texts of other folklore genres belonging to other cultures.
Results and Discussion. As a result of the work, a description of some national and cultural characteristics of the Mari ethnos is presented. It contributes to the preservation and enhancement of the traditional spiritual and moral values of Russian society.
Conclusion. The research novelty, relevance and significance of this work are determined by the set of tasks, which results in new data on the systemic nature and components of the Mari national mentality obtained using the innovative methodology of the interdisciplinary approach applied to the study of unique folklore texts. Academic and applied significance lies in the development of a methodological base, the choice of which can be considered as a certain contribution to the creation of methods for studying ethnic mentality on the basis of folklore texts.

Key words: Mari verbal charms; ethnic mentality; ethnic identity; images; symbols; values; semantic analysis; factor and statistical types of analysis.

Acknowledgment: The research was carried out with the financial support of Russian Foundation of Basic Research, project No 18-412-120005r_a.

For citation: Glukhova NN. Leading components of ethnic mentality in Mari verbal charms. Finno-ugorskii mir = Finno-Ugric World. 2019; 11; 4: 374–390. (In Russian)