Finno-Ugric World

DOI: 10.15507/2076-2577.011.2019.02.183-194

Concepts and rituals of Orthodox originas and their dynamics in funeral and memorial rites of the Ludians

Sergey A. Minvaleev,
Junior Researcher,
Institute of Language, Literature and History of the Karelian Research Centre,
Russian Academy of Science
(Petrozavodsk, Russia), minvaleevs@gmail.com

Introduction. The article reveals funeral and memorial rituals of the Ludian Karelians at the end of the 19th – beginning of the 20th centuries, which have Christian origins and exposes their further transformations.
Materials and Methods. This research is based on an integrated approach to the humanities. The most valuable group of sources for the research is unpublished expeditionary materials, stored in the archives of the Republic of Karelia and Finland.
Results and Discussion. The funeral and memorial tradition depends on Orthodox funeral complex of rites. Almost every aspect of the funeral, which has Orthodox semantics, find its own interpretation in mind of the Karelians, such as candles at a casket necessary to light a way for a deceased in the next world; the sacrament of penance obligatory for the living not to carry any sins of the dead; the requiem mass to grant peace to the departed soul and etc. A priest participated in all steps of funeral ceremony: from a confession to common wakes. In the Soviet era a priest’s role in burial practices of Karelian countryside begun to subside by elderly women who could read in Church Slavonic. Ludian burial practices contain some echoes of burial orgies (also known as “funny funerals”) and ancestor worship.
Conclusion. Despite of atheistic propaganda and intense fighting of the Soviet State against religion, Christian funeral ceremonies continued to be observed by Ludian Karelians and preserved the features of the Pagan-Christian syncretism.

Key words: Karelians; Ludians; funeral and memorial rites; orthodoxy; folk christianity; pagan-christian syncretism.

Acknowledgment: the work was performed as part of the state task of the Karelian Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (project AAAA-A18-118030190092-2).

For citation: Minvaleev SA. Concepts and rituals of Orthodox originas and their dynamics in funeral and memorial rites of the Ludians. Finno-ugorskii mir = Finno-Ugric World. 2019; 2: 63–74. (In Russian)

DOI: 10.15507/2076-2577.011.2019.02.195-204

Ethnic structure of the population of the Southern Obonezhye at the end of the XV century

Boris I. Chibisov,
Candidate Sc. {History}, Senior lecturer, Department of Theology,
Tver State University
(Tver, Russia), Chibisov.BI@tversu.ru

Introduction. On the southern coast of Lake Onega there is a significant layer of Baltic-Finnish geographical names. The medieval ethnic history of this region remains poorly understood. This is due to the fact that the Novgorod scribal books date back to the end of the XV century, the toponymic and anthroponymic material of which remains not quite sought after by historians. The study of this material makes it possible to shed light on the ethnic history of the southern Obonezhye.
Materials and Methods. The main source of research was the scribal book of Obonezhskaya pyatina of 7004 (1495/96). The descriptive method of research consists in identifying and fixing Baltic-Finnish oikonyms (names of rural settlements) and anthroponyms mentioned in the scribal book. It revealed Baltic-Finnish anthroponyms by analyzing the formal indicators of adoption of anthroponyms.
Results and Discussion. According to the toponymy and anthroponymy of the scribal book, the population of the southern Obonezhye was mixed: it consisted of Slavs, Karelians and Vepsians. Karelians were present on the Olonets isthmus and in the south-western Prionezhye. This is largely explained due to the migration flow of Karelians from the north-western Ladoga area. The Vepsians lived in vast areas of the south-eastern and south-western Prionezhye, the Svir River basin and Oshta. Ethnographic studies have shown that many Vepsian settlements survived from the end of the XV to the middle of the XX – the beginning of the XXI century.
Conclusion. The scribal book in the surviving fragments and Novgorodian acts indicate that by the end of the XV century the southern coast of Lake Onegа was inhabited by various ethnic groups: Slavs, Karelians and Vepsians, as evidenced by the anthroponyms and toponyms of the southern part of Obonezhye.

Key words: Novgorod land; scribal books; Obonezhye; onomastics; Karelians; Vepsians.

For citation: Chibisov BI. Ethnic structure of the population of the Southern Obonezhye at the end of the XV century. Finno-ugorskii mir = Finno-Ugric World. 2019; 2: 75–84. (In Russian)

DOI: 10.15507/2076-2577.011.2019.02.205-213

Sociocultural landscape of Mordovia in the paradigm of spiritual and moral values of the individual

Antonova Vera I.,
Doctor of Philology, Professor, Department of Journalism,
National Research Mordovia State University
(Saransk, Russia), belkich@rambler.ru

Rzhanova Svetlana A.,
Doctor of Philology, Professor, Department of Journalism,
National Research Mordovia State University
(Saransk, Russia), rzanova@mail.ru

Introduction. The article determines the problem of spiritual and moral education as one of the priorities of the socio-cultural space of the region. It comprehends theoretical indicators and levels of development of the inner world of the individual, as well as the conditions for the effectiveness of the formation of moral postulates. It demonstrates the empirical and local history infrastructure of Mordovia, which is the basic construct of spiritual, moral and religious education of the target audience.
Materials and Methods. The empirical material of the work is presented by rich sociocultural infrastructure of the Republic of Mordovia; theoretical one is based on the works of modern researchers on the problems of spiritual and creative formation of personality in the process of the socialization. Reliability and scientific validity of the results are provided by comparative, typological, historical traditional methods, as well as the well-presented empirical research database – the empirical and local infrastructure of the region, compiled using a representative selection of source material and its subsequent correct interpretation.
Results and Discussion. Regionalization in the context of preserving the country’s unified sociocultural space leads to the definition of a new humanitarian paradigm, which provides a high level of general culture, development of spiritual intelligence, and satisfaction of personal cognitive interests achieved by immersion in ethnic culture, familiarization with Russian and world values of civilization. A similar approach defines the invariants of the modern ethnocultural system, indicating the ways and possibilities of their implementation at the regional level. On the territory of Mordovia, people of different nationalities and religions always lived in good neighborliness. The Christian Orthodox religion has traditionally been a leading one. Historically it has contributed to the formation of public consciousness and human environment, which has preserved the main ethical standards and values of life.
Conclusion. The sociocultural landscape of Mordovia allows us to provide knowledge not only about understanding of the meaning of life, its embodiment in the traditions and life of the people, but also about the centers of spiritual culture. Through the development of diverse spiritual ideas, a person gains social experience, objective information, joins culture, religion and spirituality.

Key words: spirituality; culture; personality; Values local history; trends; National.

For citation: Antonova VI, Rzhanova SA. Sociocultural landscape of Mordovia in the paradigm of spiritual and moral values of the individual. Finno-ugorskii mir = Finno-Ugric World. 2019; 2: 85–93. (In Russian)

DOI: 10.15507/2076-2577.011.2019.02.214-221

Library science in the Komi region in the second half of XIX – early XX Centuries and its impact on public consciousness

Anna K. Gagieva,
Doctor of History, Associate Professor, Department of Management of Information, Documentation and Socio-Political Processes,
Komi Republican Academy of State Service and Management
(Syktyvkar, Russia), gngkol2@mail.ru

Introduction. The aim of this work is to examine librarianship in the Komi region, and its influence on the formation of public consciousness in the second half of XIX—early XX centuries. Currently, the history of libraries is considered in general and special papers. However, a number of questions remained outside the scope of researchers, namely the data on the history of librarianship in Komi region in the context of studying issues related to the impact of the development of librarianship on social consciousness
Materials and Methods. To achieve the goal, the author used both unpublished historical sources, and published works. Archival documents are known to specialists, who studies the history of culture of the Komi people, as well as the history of Orthodoxy. However, for the first time they are considered from the perspective of the formation and development of civil society in the region.
Results and Discussion. In the second half of XIX-early XX centuries in the region there were private, social, clerical, monastic libraries and libraries of educational institutions. Replenishment of the latter was at the expense of the Ministry of Public Education and donations, and of the clerical and monastic libraries through the Vologda spiritual Consistory, the Synod and the Ministry of Public Education. Private libraries were replenished independently, at the expense of personal funds. All of them allowed the population to meet cultural needs and interests, to build communication, as well as to form independent judgments. With the help of volunteers, the libraries carried out cultural and religious functions, educated the population of the region. All this led to the transformation of forms of social consciousness, which was an indicator of the development of civil society. The transformation of social identity has led to the development of civil society and the revitalization of its activities.
Conclusion. The creation of a wide network of libraries contributed, to a certain extent, to the destruction of the cultural isolation of the Komi region and its inclusion in the intercultural communication of Imperial Russia.

Key words: libraries; bibliophile traditions; civil society; history of everyday life; identity.

For citation: Gagieva AK. Library science in the Komi region in the second half of XIX-early XX Centuries and its impact on public consciousness. Finno-ugorskii mir = Finno-Ugric World. 2019; 2: 94–101. (In Russian)

DOI: 10.15507/2076-2577.011.2019.02.222-231

Characteristics of heat ceramics of Mordovian territory: on the example of the collection of Mordovian republican S. D. Erzia Fine Art Museum

Andrey S. Barmenkov,
postgraduate (Phd) student, Department of Theater Arts and Folk artistic culture,
National Research Mordovia State University
(Saransk, Russia), 79375149901@yandex.ru

Introduction. The article is devoted to the description of pottery ceramics on Mordovian territory. The purpose of the article is to analyze the development of ceramics in Mordovian region. The object of the article is a collection of ceramics of Mordovian republican S.D. Erzia Fine Art Museum, the subject – the main features of the ceramics based on the morphological analysis of its exhibits.
Materials and Methods. The material of the study was the results of the research of Russian scholars on ceramics of antiquity and modernity, as well as empirical materials presented by the ceramics funds of Mordovian republican S.D. Erzia Fine Art Museum. One of the main approaches implemented in the article is a comparative analysis of the exhibits based on the color of the shard. It allows the author to systematize utensils according to their functional purpose, and also to make an assumption about the various historical stages of the emergence of different types.
Results and Discussion. The article systematizes the variety of forms of ceramics, reveals their quantitative relationships, the prevailing forms, and gives the comparative analysis of the existing forms. The classification of vessels was carried out in accordance with a number of criteria: the height and thickness of the neck, the design of the corolla cut, the diameter of the mouth and the maximum extension of the trunk, which allows one to draw conclusions about the similarity of the collection’s exhibits with other Mordоvian artefacts.
Conclusion. It concludes about the existence of a certain standard in the production of ceramic dishes, and on the similarity of the studied ceramics and the collections of Russian monuments. Therefore, it states the preservation of local Mordovian pottery traditions in the course of wide interactions with Russian pottery ceramics.

Key words: pottery ceramics; morphological analysis; ceramics; archaic features; tradition; archaeological material; collection.

For citation: Barmenkov AS. Characteristics of heat ceramics of Mordovian territory: on the example of the collection of Mordovian republican S. D. Erzia Fine Art Museum. Finno-ugorskii mir = Finno-Ugric World. 2019; 2: 102–111. (In Russian)

Life and works of Sofya V. Onina

Fedosia M. Lelkhova,
Сand. of Sciences {Philology},
Ob-Ugrian Institute of Applied Researches and Development
(Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia), lelhovafm@yandex.ru

Gavotte by Jean-Baptiste Lully on Saransk stage

Aleksandr G. Burnaev,
Doctor of Art History, Professor,
Department of Theatrical Art and Folk Art Culture,
National Research Mordovia State University
(Saransk, Russia), burnaevag @ mail.ru

Ekaterina V. Levina,
MA student, programme “Pedagogical Education”,
N. G. Chernyshevsky Saratov National Research State University
(Saratov, Russia), catherine1995@yandex.ru

DOI: 10.15507/2076-2577.011.2019.02.168-182

The Republic of Mordovia: historical description of image background

Desyaev Dmitry G.
Postgraduate student, Research fellow,
Research Center «Political Analysis of Territorial Systems»,
National Research Mordovia State University
(Saransk, Russia), exprise@mail.ru

Napalkova Irina G.
Candidate Sc. {History}, Associate Professor,
Department of General History, Political Science and Regional Studies,
National Research Mordovia State University
(Saransk, Russia), zamisi@yandex.ru

Introduction. The formation of the territorial image of the region popularize and present the territory in a positive light. The conditions available in the Republic of Mordovia for creating a successful image, especially historical-cultural and natural zones, allow creating a recognizable and attractive image of the Republic not only for the residents of Russia, but also abroad. primarily in the countries of the Finno-Ugric world, with which -cultural factor for interaction and cooperation. Building the image to a large extent is based on the historical aspect of the image background, which is inseparable from the rich Finno-Ugric culture and geographical diversity of the territory, while historical and cultural objects contribute to creating the attractive image of the region. History plays a fundamental role in creating a recognizable image, without it, it is impossible to build a meaningful view of the republic.
Materials and Methods. The main research approaches were the historical-evolutionary method, the hermeneutic and axiological paradigms, the systems approach, and the elements of the theory of dependence on previous development. Among the applied methods the authors used a focus-group study, a case study, and an expert survey. The materials of the survey «Republic of Mordovia: problems and prospects for the formation of the image of the region» were employed.
Results and Discussion. Mordovia has a long history, when Mordovian territorial units joined vast family of peoples living in Russia. The attainment of statehood by Mordovia in the 20th century was a significant step in preserving the distinctive culture and eventful memory of the region. Rich tourist and recreational potential, geographical location, natural resources, natural and water objects protected by the state, myths and legends, important historical events, preserved cultural and historical objects, folk traditions and customs have not lost their originality and can be a significant basis for the formation and promotion of a positive image of the Republic of Mordovia and can help to level existing negative stereotypes about the region as “territories of prisons and camps”, “provinces with a low standard of living, culture and education”, etc.
Conclusion. The existing image background of Mordovia can become the basis of a unique positive image of the region, turning it into a well-known and popular brand. Adequate building of a regional image by each of the subjects of Russia, in turn, will help create a positive view of the state itself in the international arena.

Key words: territory image; region; background; image potential; development strategy; Republic of Mordovia.

Acknowledgements: The research is conducted with assistance of the Russian Foundation of Basic Research and the Government of Republic of Mordovia, the project “Modern Region in Focus of the political imagology (on the example of the Republic of Mordovia)” project (No. 18-411-130012 r_a).

For citation: Desyaev DG, Napalkova IG. The Republic of Mordovia: historical description of image background. Finno-ugorskii mir = Finno-Ugric World. 2019; 2: 48–62. (In Russian)

DOI: 10.15507/2076-2577.011.2019.02.152-167

Ethno-linguistic and ethno-demographic development of Finno-ugric nations in the Ural-Volga region

Fail G. Safin,
Doctor Sc. {History}, Professor, Leading Research Fellow, Department of Ethnopolitology, R. G. Kuzeev Institute of Ethnological Studies,
Ufa Federal Research Center of Russian Academy of Science
(Ufa, Russia), failsafin@mail.ru

Elvira A. Mukhtasarova,
Candidate Sc. {History}, Associate Professor,
Head of the Department of Humanitarian, Social and Economic Sciences,
Ufa State Petroleum Technological University (Oktyabrsky Branch)
(Oktyabrsky, Russia), mux.elvira@yandex.ru

Aigul I. Khaliullina,
Candidate Sc. {History}, Senior Research Fellow, Department of Ethnopolitology,
R. G. Kuzeev Institute of Ethnological Studies,
Ufa Federal research center of Russian Academy of Science
(Ufa, Russia), aygul_kamila@mail.ru

Introduction. In the light of the revival and development of national languages and cultures of the peoples of the Russian Federation, this article tries to reveal the ethno-demographic and ethno-linguistic development of the Finno-Ugric peoples-Mari, Mordovians, Udmurts in the Ural-Volga region. Along with the national republics, the problems of ethno-demographic and ethno-linguistic development of the Finno-Ugric peoples are important for other entities, including those with their own national-territorial entities (Komi, Permian Komi, Khanty and Mansi) and located in northern part of the country and Western Siberia.
Materials and Methods. The basis of the article is materials is all-Soviet Union census of 1979 and 1989, and all-Russian censuses of 2002 and 2010, as well as statistical materials issued by the State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation in different years. The study was carried out on the basis of comparative historical, statistical and systematic approaches, which made it possible to uncover the dynamics of the ethno-demographic development of Finno-Ugric peoples in the context of recognition and preservation of the native languages.
Results and Discussion. In the Russian Federation, according to the All-Soviet Union Census of 1979, of the Finno-Ugric peoples, with a population of more than 1 million people, only the Mordovian population was noted. The Udmurts took the second place with 685.7 thousand people, then the Mari with 599 thousand people, the Komi with more than 320 thousand people, the Permian Komi with 145.9 thousand people. The number of the Khanty exceeded a little more than 20 thousand and Mansi 7.4 thousand people. Among the Finno-Ugric peoples, recognition of the native language of their nationality remained high.
Conclusion. From 1979 to 2010, the number of Finno-Ugric peoples in almost all subjects of the Russian Federation tended to decrease. The highest percentage of the native language was noted among Mari, Permian Komi, Udmurts, as well as Komi and Mordovians. In Mansi, half of the representatives of this ethnic group considered Russian as their native language.

Key words: Finno-Ugric population; ethno-demography; ethnolinguistic identity; Komi; Komi-Permian; Mansi; Mari; Mordovians; Udmurts; Hansi; native language.

For citation: Safin FG, Mukhtasarova EA, Khaliullina AI. Ethno-linguistic and ethno-demographic development of Finno-ugric nations in the Ural-Volga region. Finno-ugorskii mir = Finno-Ugric World. 2019; 2: 32–47. (In Russian)

DOI: 10.15507/2076-2577.011.2019.02.143-151

Traditional ethnocultural communities in Soviet cinema: «Hunting and reindeer breeding in the Komi region»

Ivan A. Golovnev,
Candidate Sc. {History}, Research Fellow,
Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography
of Russian Academy of Sciences
(St. Petersburg, Russia), golovnev.ivan@gmail.com

Introduction. Visually-anthropological experiments in Russia have more than a century of history, reflected, in particular, in the corpora of Soviet ethnographic films in the 1920s – 1930s. This article, based on textual and visual materials, introduces information about the ethno-film «Hunting and Reindeer Breeding in the Komi Region» (1927) as a multi-layered visual-anthropological document. The paper considers the specific features of film history on the evolution among Komi hunters and reindeer herders during the period of cultural and economic transformations in the USSR in the second half of the 1920s, created in the mentioned film, in the context of the Soviet film production.
Materials and Methods. Due to the specifics of silent cinema, the final film «Hunting and Reindeer Breeding in the Komi Region» is a kind of cinema-text consisting of approximately the same number of film frames and text captions interspersed in the narration. That is why the method of analyzing the film as a visual-text work was its research transcript – presentation in the form of a film text.
Results and Discussion. Based on the archival data and published works of contemporaries, the authors traced the evolution of the film project in connection with parallel processes in the state national-cultural policy and in ethnographic science.
Conclusion. Considering the film in the socio-historical context, the authors conclude the phenomenon of ethnographic film as an effective form of research knowledge, which allows fixing the cultures of what is being filmed and shooting, and broadcast in time not only actual events, but also their so important for anthropological study emotional context; as well as the potential of cinema as an informative historical source.

Key words: ethnographic cinema; visual anthropology; Komi; USSR.

Acknowledgement: This work was supported by a grant from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project No. 18-09-00076, “Traditional Ethnocultural Communities of the North in Ethnographic Cinema”.

For citation: Golovnev IA. Traditional ethnocultural communities in Soviet cinema: «Hunting and reindeer breeding in the Komi region». Finno-ugorskii mir = Finno-Ugric World. 2019; 2: 23–31. (In Russian)

DOI: 10.15507/2076-2577.011.2019.02.136-142

Color Description in Language and Culture (based on Russian-Hungarian dictionaries)

Antonina P. Guskova,
Candidate Sc. {Phylology}, Associate Professor, Department of Finno-Ugric Philology, Lomonosov Moscow State University
(Moscow, Russia), guskova_ant@mail.ru

Introduction. Color description comparative analysis might be identified as an important research path of the contemporary language science. The article introduces the methods of Russian-Hungarian vocabulary color description including metaphorical semantics of the color. Due to the vastness of their use in intercultural communication, the relevance of the research is indisputable. It is also due to the interest of linguistics to the problem of the reflection of national culture in the semantics of color terms as a means of lexicographical fixation. The new areas in the work is the identification of the corpus of secondary color terms recorded in dictionaries, the selection of national-specific elements of color terms in the connotative aspects of semantics.
Materials and Methods. The material for comparing categories of colors was the color names with the secondary meaning of color from the Russian-Hungarian dictionaries that were not studied in the linguistics. Comparative analysis helped to find the number of the color items, to investigate the correlation and to re-build the system of color to compare the color description in Russian and Hungarian languages. The work has been compiled from Russian-Hungarian dictionaries by Khadrovich & Galdi, Russian-Hungarian dictionaryby Galdi & Uzoni, which contain authoritative lexis and graphical sources as well as grammatical and stylistic commentary on each article.
Results and Discussion. The research results in the common corpora of the color items found in Russian-Hungarian dictionaries (single-base words, complex-base words, collocations and idioms).
Conclusion. The definition of the color items of color-marking vocabulary in Russian-Hungarian dictionaries showed the primary effect of general language mechanisms, which reflects the adequacy of the lexical color designation systems of the Russian and Hungarian languages. The general properties of color terms in these languages ​​are manifested in their systemic organization, ability to develop polysemy, while national specificity is manifested in the features of color-marking vocabulary. In case of discrepancy or absence of color terms in one of the languages, the compilers of dictionaries resorted to various methods of compensating for the expression of color. The development of compensatory means in the absence of color names in the target language also constitutes the national specificity of the color designation system.

Key words: Hungarian; color description; lexis and graphical description; system of color; models of new words; common features of color description; national specifities of color description.

For citation: Guskova AP. Color Description in Language and Culture (based on Russian-Hungarian dictionaries). Finno-ugorskii mir = Finno-Ugric World. 2019; 2: 16–22. (In Russian)

DOI: 10.15507/2076-2577.011.2019.02.126-135

Compound adjectives in the Erzya language

Tatiana P. Ariskina,
Candidate Sc. {Philology}, Associate Professor,
Department of Finno-Ugric and Comparative Linguistics,
National Research Mordovia State University
(Saransk, Russia), ariskina82@mail.ru

Introduction. The changes occurring in the modern world have an impact on the language, in particular, this results in an increased appearance of complex word forms. Regarding the Erzya language, this is also relevant, as in it stem-composition is the most productive way of building new words. There is a constant interest in compound adjectives in the academic world; they are studied based on the material derived from regional languages, in the comparative aspect, in terms of their functional and stylistic characteristics, syntactic analysis and inner structure. The purpose of the article is to study the ways of building complex adjectives, their spelling, functional and stylistic aspects.
Materials and Methods. Compound adjectives in the Erzya language were examined on the material taken from the Erzya-Russian dictionary [Erzyan-Ruzon Valks = Erzya-Russian Dictionary 1993]. The following research methods were employed throughout study: induction (methods of observation, comparison, generalization and interpretation), quantitative calculations, component analysis.
Results and Discussion. The article targets to study the mechanisms of word-building pertaining to compound adjectives, their spelling, functional and stylistic aspects. The Erzya-Russian dictionary entries showed that stem-composition in relation to adjectives is not the predominant way of word-building. In particular, there are very few adjectives of a subordinating type. Among compound adjectives of a coordinating type two groups were revealed: 1) adjectives built by the blending of two adjectives (among them, a stem-compound (complex word) formed by the blending of two descriptive adjectives and complex words made up of descriptive adjectives, denoting colors), 2) compound adjectives, built by the blending of two derivative adjectives (among them, compounds made up of two similar or identical in meaning adjectives and compound adjectives, formed as a result of repetition of derivative adjectives).
Conclusion. Although the question of how to write complex words in the Erzya language remains disputable, in respect to compound adjectives the established tradition requires that compound adjectives of a subordinating type to be written in one word, compound adjectives of a coordinating type are hyphenated.

Key words: compound words; compound adjectives; coordinating relation; subordination connection; word-building pattern (model); Erzya language.

For citation: Ariskina TP. Compound adjectives in the Erzya language. Finno-ugorskii mir = Finno-Ugric World. 2019; 2: 6–15. (In Russian)

DOI: 10.15507/2076-2577.011.2019.01.014-023

Vowels of the end of Finno-Ugric word basis in the Mordovian languages

Mihail V. Mosin,
Doctor of Philology, Professor, Department of Finno-Ugric Philology,
Ogarev Mordovia State University
(Saransk, Russia), finugor@rambler.ru

Natalya M. Mosina,
Doctor of Philology, Professor, Department of Finno-Ugric Philology,
Ogarev Mordovia State University
(Saransk, Russia), natamish@rambler.ru

The article describes the characteristics of the system of vowels of the end of the Finno-Ugric word base in the Mordovian languages. Considering generally accepted opinions in Finno-Ugric linguistics that the Baltic-Finnish (especially Finnish) and Sami languages ​​preserved the vocalism of the basis language, the nominal and verbal foundations of the Finno-Ugric origin in the Mordovian languages is ​​better than other related languages ​​in terms of comparison with their etymological correspondences of Finnish and Estonian languages.
The nominal and verbal foundations of the modern Mordovian languages, which served as the material for the study, are subjected to comparative historical analysis with their etymological correspondences in the Baltic-Finnish (Finnish and Estonian) languages.
The analysis of these fundamentals based on the comparative historical method makes it possible to firstly, establish, the preserved genetic community in the sound composition of the end of the basis, secondly, identify significant changes resulting from the isolated development of Mordovian languages, as well as to reveal their extralinguistic and internal language reasons of their appearances.
The authors established phonetic correspondences based on the systematization and detailed description of the composition of the vowels of the end of the base. As a result of the loss of vowels, a number of changes occurred in the structure of the ancient base.

Key words: Mordovian languages; comparative analysis; word basis; Finnish language; Estonian language; vocalism.

For citation: Mosin MV, Mosina NM. Vowels of the end of Finno-Ugric word basis in the Mordovian languages. Finno-ugorskii mir = Finno-Ugric World. 2019; 1: 14–23. (In Russian)

DOI: 10.15507/2076-2577.011.2019.01.024-031

A verb as a reflection of the main characteristics of human behavior in the Khanty language

Galina L. Nakhracheva,
Candidate Sc. {Philology}, Leading Research Fellow,
Ob-Ugric Institute of Applied Researches and Development
(Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia), galina-nakhracheva@rambler.ru

This article analyzes the concept of “human behavior” from the perspective of humanities and highlights its main characteristics. The objective is to identify and describe semantics, determine the composition and structure of the verbs of behavior in the Khanty language.
The main material for the study was the author’s field notes, a database of the examples from folklore, fiction works, dictionaries published in the Khanty newspaper “Luh avt”. The work employed the component and comparative analysis of lexeme value.
The verbs of behavior of the Khanty language so far have not been the subject of a research; basically it has been only fragmentary. The study examines the implementation of the main characteristics of human behavior on the material of lexical and semantic group of behavioral verbs in the Khanty language: human behavior in the material sphere, human behavior in the intellectual sphere and the characteristics of human behavior in society.

Key words: lexical and semantic group; human behavior; verb behavior; Khanty language.

For citation: Nakhracheva GL. A verb as a reflection of the main characteristics of human behavior in the Khanty language. Finno-ugorskii mir = Finno-Ugric World. 2019; 1: 24–31. (In Russian)