Finno-Ugric World

DOI: 10.15507/2076-2577.010.2018.02.006-013

Compound nouns of a coordinative type in the Erzya language

Tatiana P. Ariskina,
Candidate Sc. {Philology}, Associate Professor,
Department of Finno-Ugric and Comparative Linguistics,
Ogarev Mordovia State University
(Saransk, Russia), ariskina82@mail.ru

The article gives a thorough account of the Erzya language compound nouns of a coordinating type based on the material of the encyclopedia “Mordovia”. Such studies have previously covered only certain aspects of stem composition (compounding) in the Finno-Ugric languages. The timeliness of the topic is determined by the need to analyze the coordinating compounds in terms of their origin, functioning, and productivity of word-building models. The subject of the research is compound words grouped according to the sections of the encyclopedia. The purpose of the article is to systematise and identify general models of stem composition. The results can be used in comparative analysis, as well as in teaching the Erzya language.
Compound nouns of a coordinating type in the Erzya language were examined on the material taken from the encyclopedia “Mordovia”. It employs such research methods as induction, systematisation, descriptive analysis, componential analysis, quantitative analysis, primary processing of linguistic data, and continuous sampling.
Coordinating compounds in the Erzya language are grouped according to several criteria: 1) the origin of the word; 2) word-building pattern; 3) the prevalence of the components of the first and/or second part of the word. Each group is thoroughly described.
Copulative compounds are actively used in the Erzya language and the process of their formation is still continuing. Based on the origin of these words, one can distinguish Erzya nouns, and Russian or international nouns of a coordinating type. In terms of the components, coordinative compounds are divided into the following categories: based on the model “noun + noun”, “verb + verb”, “noun + verb”. For the Erzya language the most productive model was “noun + noun”, which form the words of different semantics, subjects, and use.

Key words: compound nouns; coordinating relation; word-building pattern (model); Erzya word; Russian word.

For citation: Ariskina TP. Compound nouns of a coordinative type in the Erzya language. Finno-ugorskii mir = Finno-Ugric World. 2018; 2: 6–13. (In Russian)

Thematic repetition as a way to create semantic integrity of complex syntax whole (based on the works by K. G. Abramov)

Lyubov P. Vodyasova,
Doctor of Philology, Professor, Department of Native Language and Literature,
M. E. Evseev Mordovian State Pedagogical Institute
(Saransk, Russia), LVodjasova@yandex.ru

For the first time in Mordovian linguistics the subject of the research is the thematic repetition within semantic organization of basic units of a text, complex syntax whole. It notes that the composition of complex syntax whole covers the words of one thematic group, forming a single functional textual paradigm of words and performing a common function. Thus, it forms new entries such as key words and word combinations.
The material of the study is prosaic works by K. G. Abramov. The main method is descriptive. It was used to study the content meaning of the key words and word combinations and their functioning in certain contexts.
It was shown that the main features of the key words and word combinations are the frequency of use, the ability of condensing information, as well as the ability to correlate the factual and conceptual content levels of a text. When repeating, key words and word combinations can occur in any part of the artistic work and do not have a fixed position. For Abramov, they help in the implementation of close connection with other words, the creation of semantic integrity of the text and therefore disclosure of his themes.
Creating intertextuality, keywords and word combinations implement aesthetic principles of the author and intensify the perception of the reader. They create semantic complexes in the text forming its semantic dominant. They gather synonymous units around themselves, the words associated with them, and stemming’s which repetition in a given context is usually dictated by the author’s view, etc.

Key words: complex syntax whole; component; communications components; repetition; thematic repetition; key words and wordcombinations.

For citation: Vodyasova LP. Thematic repetition as a way to create semantic integrity of complex syntax whole (based on the works by K. G. Abramov). Finno-ugorskii mir = Finno-Ugric World. 2018; 2: 14–25. (In Russian)

Natalia V. Kondrateva,
Doctor of Philology,
Director of the Institute of Udmurt Philology, Finno-Ugric Studies and Journalism,
Udmurt State University (Izhevsk, Russia), nataljakondratjeva@yandex.ru

Olga A. Stepanova,
Post-graduate student, Institute of Udmurt Philology, Finno-Ugric Studies and Journalism, Udmurt State University (Izhevsk, Russia), troninaolga@yandex.ru

The article identifies the main stages in the formation of social and political vocabulary in the Udmurt language. It gives an overview of lexicographic sources, which show the analyzed type of the vocabulary starting since the second half of the 18th century till nowadays.
For systematization and analysis of extensive empirical material it employs such methods as text observation, lexicographical comparison, precise historical observation, combined methods, analysis of statements made by historians and linguists one the considered topics.
Based on the conducted analysis, it revealed that in the history of Udmurt linguistics there are four main stages in the formation of social and political vocabulary of the Udmurt language: 1) the first stage is associated with the fixation of individual lexemes of the group of words under the study dated in 18th–19th centuries. Even the first monuments of the Udmurt alphabet (in the Grammars by V. G. Putyak-Grigorovich, M. Mogilin, in the Dictionary by Z. Krotov) contain the words with social and political coloring. This stage is characterized by the absence of a purposeful activity to study the social and political vocabulary of the Udmurt language. 2) The period of 1920/1930-ies is characterized by conscious and systematic approach to the coining of terms in various branches of science. It was this period that left a significant number of new words in the lexical system of the Udmurt language; 3) During 1940–1990-ies the work on the development of branch vocabulary stopped again, and the scientific legacy in terms coining is gradually losing its relevance; 4) The 1990’s are defined by a new stage in the development of Udmurt terminology, which continues to the present day.
The work has been carried out in two directions: conducting theoretical fundamentals on the lexical composition of the Udmurt language; coining the terms and development of topical vocabulary, as well as their practical application in various publications.

Key words: terminology; Udmurt language; social and political vocabulary; social and political terminology; language and society.

For citation: Kondratieva NV, Stepanova OA. Formation of the social and political vocabulary in the Udmurt language as a reflection of language construction. Finno-ugorskii mir = Finno-Ugric World. 2018; 2: 26–36. (In Russian)

Valentina F. Rogozhina,
Candidate Sc. {Philology}, Associate Professor, Department of Mordovian Languages, Ogarev Mordovia State University
(Saransk, Russia), valentina-141966@mail.ru

Nadezhda A. Kulakova,
Candidate Sc. {Philology}, Associate Professor, Department of Mordovian Languages, Ogarev Mordovia State University
(Saransk, Russia), nad_kul@rambler.ru

The article analyses the typology of variants of phraseological units in unrelated languages – Moksha and Russian. The aim of the work is a typological analysis of the variability of phraseological units in these languages. The subject of the study are the variants of phraseological units in these languages. The ideas of this research can be used for academic and research materials for such courses as “Modern Moksha language”, “Comparative grammar of the Mordovian and Russian languages”.
The research methodology is based on a system approach that incorporates comparative and typological as well as structural and grammatical methods. The article is rooted in research of Russian and Finno-Ugric linguistic data of phraseological dictionaries, fiction works, and the recordings of the dialects of native speakers of these languages.
Formal variation of phraseological units does not cause fundamental differences, whereas lexical replacement of components generates different opinions. Most linguists determine the variability of phraseological units as changes of the form of phraseological units and their expression.
It is concluded that phraseological units of the Moksha and Russian languages contain lexical and morphological variability. Lexical variation is expressed by means of different lexical components. In the compared languages, predicative phraseological units containing more than two components are most prone to contractions. Morphological variability is expressed in changing grammatical form. In Russian it is expressed in number, cases and sometimes in the gender, while in Moksha it is expressed in the use of postpositions.

Key words: glossary; grammar; phraseological unit; bilingual dictionary; lexical variance; morphological variability; noun; adjective; pronoun; suffix; Moksha language; Russian language.

For citation: Kulakova NA, Rogozhina VF. Variance of phraseological units in the Moksha and Russian languages (typological analysis). Finno-ugorskii mir = Finno-Ugric World. 2018; 2: 37–47. (In Russian)

Galina A. Kornishina,
Doctor of History, Department of Russian history,
Ogarev Mordovia State University
(Saransk, Russia), g.kornihina@mail.ru

Mordovian ethnos is a complex structural community that includes several hierarchical taxons, including ethno-territorial and Diaspora groups. One of the up-to-date problems of modern ethnological science is the development of generally accepted principles for their separation. The object of the research is one of the largest local groups of Mordovian living in the Ulyanovsk region. The main goal is to study the main components of the ethnic community of the Mordovian population of the Ulyanovsk region and determine the appropriateness of using the following definitions: ethno-territorial group, Diaspora group, Diaspora in relation to its structural divisions.
The source base consisted of diverse statistical, archival and field materials, as well as Internet sources. The theoretical basis of the research being presented is problem-chronological, comparative-historical and statistical methods. They allowed to consider the formation of ethnoterritorial groups of the Mordovians in Ulyanovsk region, the demographic and ethno-cultural aspects of their development at various historical stages, as well as the modern institutionalization of Mordovian public organizations and associations.
The research of documentary and theoretical sources gives grounds to believe that the ethnic structure of the Mordovian population of the Ulyanovsk region includes several hierarchical taxons. This local ethnic community is an integral part of the Mordvinian ethnos, which is represented in the region mainly by representatives of the Erzya sub-ethnic group. Important components of this community are ethno-territorial groups, which still retain the basic elements of traditional cultural and economic complexes. In addition, the Mordovian population of the Ulyanovsk region is currently positioning itself as a Diaspora group through the activities of cultural and public organizations.

Key words: Mordovian ethnos; sub-ethnos; Moksha; Erzya; Ulyanovsk region; ethno-territorial groups; Diaspora; cultural and economic complex.

For citation: Kornishina GA. Ethnic structure and features of ethno-cultural functioning of the Mordovian population in Ulyanovsk region. Finno-ugorskii mir = Finno-Ugric World. 2018; 2: 77–89. (In Russian)

Ranus R. Sadikov,
Doctor of History, Institute of Ethnological Research,
R. G. Kuzeev Ufa Federal Research Center,
Russian Academy of Sciences (Ufa, Russia), kissapi@mail.ru

Rishat A. Abdulkhalikov,
Post-graduate student (PhD), Institute of Ethnological Research,
R. G. Kuzeev Ufa Federal Research Center,
Russian Academy of Sciences (Ufa, Russia), rishat24rishat@gmail.com

Mordovians, who live in Bashkortostan, have been practicing Orthodoxy for a long time, as they had moved to this territory already baptized. Religious features of the Mordovians of Bashkiria, including the history of Orthodoxy, has not been covered in historical and ethnographic research. In this paper, the authors made an attempt to identify the confessional features of the Orthodox Mordovians of Bashkiria.
The sources of the study were the writings of church authors and the diocesan chronicle of the late XIX – early XX century. The research is based on the principle of historicism; the main methods were historical-genetic, comparative-historical and problem-chronological.
In the late XIX – early XX century researchers noted the high religiosity and zeal in following Orthodox rites and sacraments among the local Mordovians, in which they surpassed the Russians. But the priests of Mordovian origins pointed out that they did not understand the Christian dogma. In 1910 an Orthodox diocesan mission was established to worked with the Mordovian flock. Since the Mordovians showed strong pagan traditions, the diocesan was the division of an anti-pagan diocesan missionary. In the late XIX – early XX century many churches were built in Mordovian settlements. A diocesan missionary Fedor Strelkov and a priest Avksenty Yurtov played a significant role in the Christian enlightenment of the people. During the Soviet era, Orthodox rites were practically ousted from the life of the people. At present, the positions of Orthodoxy among the Mordovians of Bashkortostan have become stronger again.
Orthodoxy, the main religion of the Mordovians of Bashkortostan, played a significant role in ethno-cultural development and contributed to the formation of many ethnographic features.

Key words: Mordovians; Orthodoxy; churches; monasteries; missionaries; Ufa diocese; Bashkiria.

For citation: Sadikov RR, Abdulkhalikov RA. Orthodoxy of the Mordovians of Bashkiria. Finno-ugorskii mir = Finno-Ugric World. 2018; 2: 90–97. (In Russian)

Olga G. Belomoeva,
Doctor of Cultural Studies, Professor, Department of Theater Art and Folk Art Culture, Ogarev Mordovia State University
(Saransk, Russia), о_belomoeva@mail.ru

Tatiana V. Klimkina,
Post-graduate student (PhD), Department of Theater Art and Folk Art Culture,
Ogarev Mordovia State University
(Saransk, Russia), scientificmagazines@gmail.com

The article studies one of the main features of the development of the religious architecture of Russia at the turn of the 21st century. That can be defined as a powerful development of religious architecture, associated with the phenomenon of “spiritual rebirth”. The specificity of the church as a socio-cultural phenomenon consists in the unity of the sacred, historical and domestic factors, which is an important criterion to evaluate its architectural decision. The religious architecture at the turn of the 21st century is an object of the research. The subject is the features of its development at the present stage. The goal is to identify the main tendencies in the development of religious architecture in Russia considering the experience of the Republic of Mordovia.
The empirical material of the work is the contemporary religious architecture of Russia. It is provided by the use of traditional methods for the Humanities (typological and descriptive methods, etc.) as well as the research empirical base and its fair analysis which corresponds to the basic provisional of Arts and Cultural Studies.
The analysis of the monuments of modern religious architecture that allows concluding on two tendencies in the development of religious architecture: the restoration of churches and the construction of new religious buildings. Regarding the latter, there is a direct connection with the development of two stylistics views: the interpretation of architectural forms of the past and disregard of artistic traditions. This stylistic tendency is becoming the major one in the field of the contemporary religious architecture referring both to the historical heritage of Russia in the whole and the Republic of Mordovia in particular.
The turn of the 21st century represents a new stage of development of religious architecture in Russia within the break with tradition that occurred in the Soviet era. Its main trends are the restoration of the architectural structures of the past and the erection of new churches. Active searches for new artistic decisions are based on tradition, which is confirmed by examples of church construction in general in Russia, and in the Republic of Mordovia in particular.

Key words: religious architecture; church; reconstruction; tradition; interpretation; stylization.

For citation: Belomoeva OG, Klimkina TV. Features of development of Russian religious architecture at the turn of the 21st century (as for Russia and Mordovia). Finno-ugorskii mir = Finno-Ugric World. 2018; 2: 98–108. (In Russian)

Liudmila B. Boiarkina,
Candidate Sc. {Art History}, Senior Research Fellow,
Interregional Research Center of Finno-Ugric Studies,
Ogarev Mordovia State University
(Saransk, Russia), bojarkin_ni@mail.ru

Among the current challenges in modern ethnomusicology, the studies of folklore have pioneered polyphony, a characteristic phenomenon of traditional Finno-Ugric music. The polyphony of Finno-Ugrians reveals noticeable ethnic (subethnic and local) differences that were defined during a long historical development (contacts with neighboring peoples and mutual influence of areal musical traditions). The solution of conceptual analytical problems, the development of modern theoretical approaches and techniques are put forward as important ethnomusicological problems. The subject of the article is Mordovian folk polyphony; its goal is to identify relevant characteristics in order to establish system-forming constants of areal traditions. The works of national and foreign scholars on the issues of areal studies, mapping and classification made up the general theoretical and methodological base.
The materials were authored field (including multi-channel) sound recordings of folk music and their analytical score transcriptions; published notations of other ethnomusicologists are also taken into consideration. Reliability and validity of the research are provided by methods of system-typological analysis of an extensive research base and its analysis.
At areal investigations of Mordovian polyphonic traditions, characterized by the presence in them of complex interactions of stadially different forms of melody and texture, it is necessary to systematize the constant correlations between the melodic (horizontal) and the harmonic (vertical) components at the level of both the integral structure of polyphonic melody or gigantic, and individual vocal parts. There are the following attributes applicable to all known types of polyphonic texture: relation of melody to harmony (according to the principle of opposition by E. V. Gippius), realization of a melodic type in a polyphonic texture, and heterophonic “density” of functionally allocated voice parts.
On the basis of these characteristics, it is possible to reveal quite clearly the system-forming properties of the polyphony of different regions. The areas can be allocated in the presence of either a stable style component that does not occur in other areas, or a stable system group of properties characteristic of a certain group of genres.

Key words: musical tradition; style area; genre group; structural type; melodic; polyphonic texture; signs; monody; heterophony; burdon polyphony.

For citation: Boiarkina LB. On theoretical approaches to the study of areal features of the traditional Mordvian polyphony. Finno-ugorskii mir = Finno-Ugric World. 2018; 2: 109–120. (In Russian)

DOI 10.15507/2076-2577.010.2018.01.006-017

The Abstract Nouns in the Poetry by Ivan Kuratov

Olga N. Bazhenova,
Postgraduate student,
Institute of Language, Literature and History,
Komi Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
(Syktyvkar, Russia), bazhenova-olga2011@mail.ru

Evgenii A. Tsypanov,
Doctor of Philology, Associate Professor, Deputy Director,
Institute of Language, Literature and History of the Komi Scientific Center,
Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
(Syktyvkar, Russia) tsypanov@mail.illhkomisc.ru

In Finno-Ugric studies, or in Perm Studies to be precise, the history of development and changes in the semantics of words, the connection between vocabulary and the grammatical system in the diachronic aspect, has not been fully presented yet. The focus of the research in on such primordial words in the Komi and Udmurt languages, which, having the same origin and ancient meaning, have developed completely new lexico-semantic variants in modern languages, or even developed along the way of grammaticalization. The article is based on the materials of lexemes poz, udm. pooz with the same old meaning ‘nest’.
The material of the article considers lexemes poz, udm. pooz in various sources and dictionaries of Permian languages, word-for-word use as a suffixoid in the Komi language body and literary works. When writing traditional methods of research were used.
Investigation of the variability of the semantics of lexemes poz, udm. pooz showed that the most developed and expanded semantics of the etymologically unified word is observed in the Komi-Zyryan dialects and the literary language, where, in addition to a few selected lexical-semantic variants, it was gradually grammaticalized into a suffixoid. Derivatives with –pos form a group of emotive words, mostly pejorative words with negatively-valuable semantics. Twenty five similar tokens in Komi-Zyrian dialects and literary language were recorded. In the Udmurt language, the reverse changes occurred: during the independent development of the language system, the original meaning of the word “nest” was erased (in contrast to almost all Uralic languages), the semantics of the word pooz changed toward concretization, detailing an egg, building a verb puzany with the meaning of ‘laying (laying) eggs, sweeping (about birds); lay eggs (about insects)’.
Development of the morphological structure of the Komi language is carried out at the expense of internal resources, as evidenced by the process of grammaticalization of the lexeme poz.

Key words: Komi language; lexicology; Emotional vocabulary; pejorative words; grammaticalization of the word; suffixoids.

For citation: Tsypanov EA. Suffixoid -poz in the composition of peerative lexis of the Komi language. Finno-ugorskii mir = Finno-Ugric World. 2018; 10: 1: 52–61. (In Russian)

Acknowledgment: The article was prepared with the financial support of the program of the Urals Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences “Social and Economic and Humanitarian Problems of Community Development”, project “Spiritual Culture and Traditional Representations of Peoples of the European North of Russia (based on Language, Folklore and Literature)” (No. 18-6-6-25).

Igor V. Bakhlov,
Doctor of Political Science,
Head of the Department of General history, Political Science and Area Studies,
Ogarev Mordovia State University
(Saransk, Russia), bahlov@mail.ru

Olga V. Bakhlova,
Doctor of Political Science, Professor,
Department of General history, Political Science and Area Studies,
Ogarev Mordovia State University
(Saransk, Russia), olga.bahlova@gmail.com

Relations between Russia and Hungary are the longest in comparison with other countries of the Finno-Ugric world, and they need to be seen as embedded in a multi-level historical geopolitical systematics. The object of research in the article are Russian/Russian/Soviet-Hungarian relations; the subject is their content and dynamics at different milestones of historical and geopolitical development. The main tasks are the identification of key stages, conditions and factors of bilateral and multilateral interaction; identification of specific characteristics and main results for each specific stage; determination of potential and guidelines for further cooperation.
The study is based on the materials of international treaties and agreements, official documents on the results of bilateral meetings, and internal conceptual documents. Basic methods of research are systematic, comparative and historical analysis. Within the framework of a multilevel analysis, Russian-Hungarian relationships, their factors and determinants are characterized. The great importance is paid to the method of studying documents as sourses of information about the totality of events within bilateral relations and tools for representing the interests of their most prominent participants, including in the internal dimension.
The study of a complex of documentary and theoretical sources made it possible to trace the process of the formation and development of bilateral relations since the Middle Ages. The peculiarities of each of the identified stages were revealed and their internal periodization was given, research estimates and interaction results were compared.
In general, Russian-Hungarian relations are indicative in terms of overcoming historical and other disagreements and contradictions. They demonstrate positive dynamics and have favorable prospects for further development, primarily in the areas of international conflicts and crises, high technologies and innovations, intercultural dialogue, in the fuel and energy sector.

Key words: Austria-Hungary; Treaty; Soviet-Hungarian relations; agreement; Russian-Hungarian relations; Finno-Ugric world; evolution.

For citation: Bakhlov IV, Bakhlova ОV. Russian-Hungarian relations: the stages of evolution. Finno-ugorskii mir = Finno-Ugric World. 2018; 10: 1: 62–74. (In Russian)